This file is the output of Matlab's help command for the groups of commands that you might find useful for this course. You can get more detailed information on any command or function with the command ``help ''. ------------------------------------------------------------ matlab/general - General purpose commands. matlab/ops - Operators and special characters. matlab/lang - Language constructs and debugging. matlab/elfun - Elementary math functions. matlab/elmat - Elementary matrices and matrix manipulation. matlab/polyfun - Polynomial and interpolation functions. matlab/datafun - Data analysis and Fourier transform functions. toolbox/signal - Signal Processing Toolbox. matlab/plotxy - Two dimensional graphics. matlab/plotxyz - Three dimensional graphics. ------------------------------------------------------------ >> help general General purpose commands. MATLAB Toolbox Version 4.2 25-Mar-94 Managing commands and functions. help - On-line documentation. doc - Load hypertext documentation. what - Directory listing of M-, MAT- and MEX-files. type - List M-file. lookfor - Keyword search through the HELP entries. which - Locate functions and files. demo - Run demos. path - Control MATLAB's search path. Managing variables and the workspace. who - List current variables. whos - List current variables, long form. load - Retrieve variables from disk. save - Save workspace variables to disk. clear - Clear variables and functions from memory. pack - Consolidate workspace memory. size - Size of matrix. length - Length of vector. disp - Display matrix or text. Working with files and the operating system. cd - Change current working directory. dir - Directory listing. delete - Delete file. getenv - Get environment value. ! - Execute operating system command. unix - Execute operating system command & return result. diary - Save text of MATLAB session. Controlling the command window. cedit - Set command line edit/recall facility parameters. clc - Clear command window. home - Send cursor home. format - Set output format. echo - Echo commands inside script files. more - Control paged output in command window. Starting and quitting from MATLAB. quit - Terminate MATLAB. startup - M-file executed when MATLAB is invoked. matlabrc - Master startup M-file. General information. info - Information about MATLAB and The MathWorks, Inc. subscribe - Become subscribing user of MATLAB. hostid - MATLAB server host identification number. whatsnew - Information about new features not yet documented. ver - MATLAB, SIMULINK, and TOOLBOX version information. >> help ops Operators and special characters. Char Name HELP topic + Plus arith - Minus arith * Matrix multiplication arith .* Array multiplication arith ^ Matrix power arith .^ Array power arith \ Backslash or left division slash / Slash or right division slash ./ Array division slash kron Kronecker tensor product kron : Colon colon ( ) Parentheses paren [ ] Brackets paren . Decimal point punct .. Parent directory punct ... Continuation punct , Comma punct ; Semicolon punct % Comment punct ! Exclamation point punct ' Transpose and quote punct = Assignment punct == Equality relop < > Relational operators relop & Logical AND relop | Logical OR relop ~ Logical NOT relop xor Logical EXCLUSIVE OR xor Logical characteristics. exist - Check if variables or functions are defined. any - True if any element of vector is true. all - True if all elements of vector are true. find - Find indices of non-zero elements. isnan - True for Not-A-Number. isinf - True for infinite elements. finite - True for finite elements. isempty - True for empty matrix. isreal - True for real matrix. issparse - True for sparse matrix. isstr - True for text string. isglobal - True for global variables. >> help lang Language constructs and debugging. MATLAB as a programming language. script - About MATLAB scripts and M-files. function - Add new function. eval - Execute string with MATLAB expression. feval - Execute function specified by string. global - Define global variable. nargchk - Validate number of input arguments. lasterr - Last error message. Control flow. if - Conditionally execute statements. else - Used with IF. elseif - Used with IF. end - Terminate the scope of FOR, WHILE and IF statements. for - Repeat statements a specific number of times. while - Repeat statements an indefinite number of times. break - Terminate execution of loop. return - Return to invoking function. error - Display message and abort function. Interactive input. input - Prompt for user input. keyboard - Invoke keyboard as if it were a Script-file. menu - Generate menu of choices for user input. pause - Wait for user response. uimenu - Create user interface menu. uicontrol - Create user interface control. Debugging commands. dbstop - Set breakpoint. dbclear - Remove breakpoint. dbcont - Resume execution. dbdown - Change local workspace context. dbstack - List who called whom. dbstatus - List all breakpoints. dbstep - Execute one or more lines. dbtype - List M-file with line numbers. dbup - Change local workspace context. dbquit - Quit debug mode. mexdebug - Debug MEX-files. >> help elfun Elementary math functions. Trigonometric. sin - Sine. sinh - Hyperbolic sine. asin - Inverse sine. asinh - Inverse hyperbolic sine. cos - Cosine. cosh - Hyperbolic cosine. acos - Inverse cosine. acosh - Inverse hyperbolic cosine. tan - Tangent. tanh - Hyperbolic tangent. atan - Inverse tangent. atan2 - Four quadrant inverse tangent. atanh - Inverse hyperbolic tangent. sec - Secant. sech - Hyperbolic secant. asec - Inverse secant. asech - Inverse hyperbolic secant. csc - Cosecant. csch - Hyperbolic cosecant. acsc - Inverse cosecant. acsch - Inverse hyperbolic cosecant. cot - Cotangent. coth - Hyperbolic cotangent. acot - Inverse cotangent. acoth - Inverse hyperbolic cotangent. Exponential. exp - Exponential. log - Natural logarithm. log10 - Common logarithm. sqrt - Square root. Complex. abs - Absolute value. angle - Phase angle. conj - Complex conjugate. imag - Complex imaginary part. real - Complex real part. Numeric. fix - Round towards zero. floor - Round towards minus infinity. ceil - Round towards plus infinity. round - Round towards nearest integer. rem - Remainder after division. sign - Signum function. >> help elmat Elementary matrices and matrix manipulation. Elementary matrices. zeros - Zeros matrix. ones - Ones matrix. eye - Identity matrix. rand - Uniformly distributed random numbers. randn - Normally distributed random numbers. linspace - Linearly spaced vector. logspace - Logarithmically spaced vector. meshgrid - X and Y arrays for 3-D plots. : - Regularly spaced vector. Special variables and constants. ans - Most recent answer. eps - Floating point relative accuracy. realmax - Largest floating point number. realmin - Smallest positive floating point number. pi - 3.1415926535897.... i, j - Imaginary unit. inf - Infinity. NaN - Not-a-Number. flops - Count of floating point operations. nargin - Number of function input arguments. nargout - Number of function output arguments. computer - Computer type. isieee - True for computers with IEEE arithmetic. why - Succinct answer. version - MATLAB version number. Time and dates. clock - Wall clock. cputime - Elapsed CPU time. date - Calendar. etime - Elapsed time function. tic, toc - Stopwatch timer functions. Matrix manipulation. diag - Create or extract diagonals. fliplr - Flip matrix in the left/right direction. flipud - Flip matrix in the up/down direction. reshape - Change size. rot90 - Rotate matrix 90 degrees. tril - Extract lower triangular part. triu - Extract upper triangular part. : - Index into matrix, rearrange matrix. >> help polyfun Polynomial and interpolation functions. Polynomials. roots - Find polynomial roots. poly - Construct polynomial with specified roots. polyval - Evaluate polynomial. polyvalm - Evaluate polynomial with matrix argument. residue - Partial-fraction expansion (residues). polyfit - Fit polynomial to data. polyder - Differentiate polynomial. conv - Multiply polynomials. deconv - Divide polynomials. Data interpolation. interp1 - 1-D interpolation (1-D table lookup). interp2 - 2-D interpolation (2-D table lookup). interpft - 1-D interpolation using FFT method. griddata - Data gridding. Spline interpolation. spline - Cubic spline data interpolation. ppval - Evaluate piecewise polynomial. >> help datafun Data analysis and Fourier transform functions. Basic operations. max - Largest component. min - Smallest component. mean - Average or mean value. median - Median value. std - Standard deviation. sort - Sort in ascending order. sum - Sum of elements. prod - Product of elements. cumsum - Cumulative sum of elements. cumprod - Cumulative product of elements. trapz - Numerical integration using trapezoidal method. Finite differences. diff - Difference function and approximate derivative. gradient - Approximate gradient. del2 - Five-point discrete Laplacian. Vector operations. cross - Vector cross product. dot - Vector dot product. Correlation. corrcoef - Correlation coefficients. cov - Covariance matrix. subspace - Angle between subspaces. Filtering and convolution. filter - One-dimensional digital filter. filter2 - Two-dimensional digital filter. conv - Convolution and polynomial multiplication. conv2 - Two-dimensional convolution. deconv - Deconvolution and polynomial division. Fourier transforms. fft - Discrete Fourier transform. fft2 - Two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform. ifft - Inverse discrete Fourier transform. ifft2 - Two-dimensional inverse discrete Fourier transform. abs - Magnitude. angle - Phase angle. unwrap - Remove phase angle jumps across 360 degree boundaries. fftshift - Move zeroth lag to center of spectrum. cplxpair - Sort numbers into complex conjugate pairs. nextpow2 - Next higher power of 2. >> help signal Signal Processing Toolbox. Version 3.0b 10-Jan-94 Waveform generation. diric - Dirichlet (periodic sinc) function. sawtooth - Sawtooth function. sinc - Sinc or sin(pi*x)/(pi*x) function square - Square wave function. Filter analysis and implementation. abs - Magnitude. angle - Phase angle. conv - Convolution. fftfilt - Overlap-add filter implementation. filter - Filter implementation. filtfilt - Zero-phase version of filter. filtic - Determine filter initial conditions. freqs - Laplace transform frequency response. freqspace - Frequency spacing for frequency response. freqz - Z-transform frequency response. grpdelay - Group delay. impz - Impulse response (discrete). unwrap - Unwrap phase. zplane - Discrete pole-zero plot. Linear system transformations. convmtx - Convolution matrix. poly2rc - Polynomial to reflection coefficients transformation. rc2poly - Reflection coefficients to polynomial transformation. residuez - Z-transform partial fraction expansion. sos2ss - Second-order sections to state-space conversion. sos2tf - Second-order sections to transfer function conversion. sos2zp - Second-order sections to zero-pole conversion. ss2sos - State-space to second-order sections conversion. ss2tf - State-space to transfer function conversion. ss2zp - State-space to zero-pole conversion. tf2ss - Transfer function to state-space conversion. tf2zp - Transfer function to zero-pole conversion. zp2sos - Zero-pole to second-order sections conversion. zp2ss - Zero-pole to state-space conversion. zp2tf - Zero-pole to transfer function conversion. IIR digital filter design. besself - Bessel analog filter design. butter - Butterworth filter design. cheby1 - Chebyshev type I filter design. cheby2 - Chebyshev type II filter design. ellip - Elliptic filter design. yulewalk - Yule-Walker filter design. IIR filter order selection. buttord - Butterworth filter order selection. cheb1ord - Chebyshev type I filter order selection. cheb2ord - Chebyshev type II filter order selection. ellipord - Elliptic filter order selection. FIR filter design. fir1 - Window based FIR filter design - low, high, band, stop. fir2 - Window based FIR filter design - arbitrary response. firls - FIR filter design - arbitrary response with transition bands. intfilt - Interpolation FIR filter design. remez - Parks-McClellan optimal FIR filter design. remezord - Parks-McClellan filter order selection. Transforms. czt - Chirp-z transform. dct - Discrete cosine transform. dftmtx - Discrete Fourier transform matrix. fft - Fast Fourier transform. fftshift - Swap vector halves. hilbert - Hilbert transform. idct - Inverse discrete cosine transform. ifft - Inverse fast Fourier transform. Statistical signal processing. cohere - Coherence function estimate. corrcoef - Correlation coefficients. cov - Covariance matrix. csd - Cross Spectral Density. psd - Power Spectral Density. spectrum - psd, csd, cohere and tfe combined. tfe - Transfer function estimate. xcorr - Cross-correlation function. xcov - Covariance function. Windows. bartlett - Bartlett window. blackman - Blackman window. boxcar - Rectangular window. chebwin - Chebyshev window. hamming - Hamming window. hanning - Hanning window. kaiser - Kaiser window. triang - Triangular window. Parametric modeling. invfreqs - Analog filter fit to frequency response. invfreqz - Discrete filter fit to frequency response. levinson - Levinson-Durbin recursion. lpc - Linear Predictive Coefficients using autocorrelation method. prony - Prony's discrete filter fit to time response. stmcb - Steiglitz-McBride iteration for ARMA modeling. ident - See also the Identification Toolbox. Specialized operations. cceps - Complex cepstrum. decimate - Resample data at a lower sample rate. deconv - Deconvolution. demod - Demodulation for communications simulation. interp - Resample data at a higher sample rate. interp1 - General 1-D interpolation. (MATLAB Toolbox) medfilt1 - 1-Dimensional median filtering. modulate - Modulation for communications simulation. rceps - Real cepstrum and minimum pahse reconstruction. resample - Resample sequence with new sampling rate. specgram - Spectrogram, for speech signals. spline - Cubic spline interpolation. vco - Voltage controlled oscillator. Analog lowpass filter prototypes. besselap - Bessel filter prototype. buttap - Butterworth filter prototype. cheb1ap - Chebyshev type I filter prototype (passband ripple). cheb2ap - Chebyshev ty[pe II filter prototype (stopband ripple). ellipap - Elliptic filter prototype. Frequency translation. lp2bp - Lowpass to bandpass analog filter transformation. lp2bs - Lowpass to bandstop analog filter transformation. lp2hp - Lowpass to highpass analog filter transformation. lp2lp - Lowpass to lowpass analog filter transformation. Filter discretization. bilinear - Bilinear transformation with optional prewarping. impinvar - Impulse invariance analog to digital conversion. Other conv2 - 2-D convolution. cplxpair - Order vector into complex conjugate pairs. detrend - Linear trend removal. fft2 - 2-D fast Fourier transform. fftshift - Swap quadrants of array. ifft2 - Inverse 2-D fast Fourier transform. polystab - Polynomial stabilization. stem - Plot discrete data sequence. strips - Strip plot. xcorr2 - 2-D cross-correlation. Demonstrations. cztdemo - Chirp-z transform and FFT demonstration. filtdemo - Filter design demonstration. moddemo - Modulation/demodulation demonstration. sosdemo - Second-order sections demonstration. >> help plotxy Two dimensional graphics. Elementary X-Y graphs. plot - Linear plot. loglog - Log-log scale plot. semilogx - Semi-log scale plot. semilogy - Semi-log scale plot. fill - Draw filled 2-D polygons. Specialized X-Y graphs. polar - Polar coordinate plot. bar - Bar graph. stem - Discrete sequence or "stem" plot. stairs - Stairstep plot. errorbar - Error bar plot. hist - Histogram plot. rose - Angle histogram plot. compass - Compass plot. feather - Feather plot. fplot - Plot function. comet - Comet-like trajectory. Graph annotation. title - Graph title. xlabel - X-axis label. ylabel - Y-axis label. text - Text annotation. gtext - Mouse placement of text. grid - Grid lines. >> help plotxyz Three dimensional graphics. Line and area fill commands. plot3 - Plot lines and points in 3-D space. fill3 - Draw filled 3-D polygons in 3-D space. comet3 - 3-D comet-like trajectories. Contour and other 2-D plots of 3-D data. contour - Contour plot. contour3 - 3-D contour plot. clabel - Contour plot elevation labels. contourc - Contour plot computation (used by contour). pcolor - Pseudocolor (checkerboard) plot. quiver - Quiver plot. Surface and mesh plots. mesh - 3-D mesh surface. meshc - Combination mesh/contour plot. meshz - 3-D Mesh with zero plane. surf - 3-D shaded surface. surfc - Combination surf/contour plot. surfl - 3-D shaded surface with lighting. waterfall - Waterfall plot. Volume visualization. slice - Volumetric visualization plots. Graph appearance. view - 3-D graph viewpoint specification. viewmtx - View transformation matrices. hidden - Mesh hidden line removal mode. shading - Color shading mode. axis - Axis scaling and appearance. caxis - Pseudocolor axis scaling. colormap - Color look-up table. Graph annotation. title - Graph title. xlabel - X-axis label. ylabel - Y-axis label. zlabel - Z-axis label for 3-D plots. text - Text annotation. gtext - Mouse placement of text. grid - Grid lines. 3-D objects. cylinder - Generate cylinder. sphere - Generate sphere.